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VCE Biology

VCE · VCAABiology769 cards

More for VCAA VCE Biology

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Flashcards for VCE Biology (VCAA study design accredited from 2022, current for the 2027 Units 3 and 4 examination), covering Units 3 and 4, split by area of study and then by key knowledge group in the study design's own order. Delete or suspend any subdeck your course leaves out once the deck is yours.

Adding it gives you your own copy, with every subdeck below. Each card then comes back just before you would forget it, and every one you get right or wrong counts towards your mastery of its topic. You can delete or suspend the parts you are not studying once it is yours.

What is inside (56 subdecks)

  • Unit 3 AoS1: What is the role of nucleic acids and proteins in maintaining life?203 cards
    • DNA manipulation techniques and applications81 cards
      • CRISPR-Cas916 cards
      • Enzymes used to manipulate DNA20 cards
      • PCR and gel electrophoresis19 cards
      • Recombinant plasmids and gene technologies in agriculture26 cards
    • The relationship between nucleic acids and proteins122 cards
      • DNA and RNA as information molecules34 cards
      • Gene structure and regulation28 cards
      • Protein structure and the proteome25 cards
      • The genetic code and gene expression35 cards
  • Unit 3 AoS2: How are biochemical pathways regulated?145 cards
    • Biotechnology and biochemical pathways11 cards
    • Cellular respiration as an example of a biochemical pathway48 cards
      • Anaerobic fermentation13 cards
      • Cellular respiration: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain25 cards
      • Factors affecting the rate of cellular respiration10 cards
    • Photosynthesis as an example of a biochemical pathway51 cards
      • C3, C4 and CAM adaptations17 cards
      • Factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis15 cards
      • Photosynthesis: light dependent and light independent stages19 cards
    • Regulation of biochemical pathways35 cards
      • Enzymes and coenzymes in biochemical pathways18 cards
      • Factors affecting enzyme-catalysed reactions17 cards
  • Unit 4 AoS1: How do organisms respond to pathogens?168 cards
    • Acquiring immunity59 cards
      • The adaptive immune response24 cards
      • The lymphatic system and lymphocytes16 cards
      • Types of immunity19 cards
    • Disease challenges and strategies43 cards
      • Emerging and re-emerging pathogens14 cards
      • Immunotherapy14 cards
      • Vaccination and herd immunity15 cards
    • Responding to antigens66 cards
      • Antigens and initiating an immune response20 cards
      • Physical, chemical and microbiota barriers13 cards
      • The innate immune response33 cards
  • Unit 4 AoS2: How are species related over time?142 cards
    • Changes in species over time38 cards
      • Speciation17 cards
      • The fossil record and dating fossils21 cards
    • Determining the relatedness of species30 cards
      • Evidence for relatedness between species17 cards
      • Phylogenetic trees13 cards
    • Genetic changes in a population over time35 cards
      • Causes of changing allele frequencies20 cards
      • Selective breeding and pathogen resistance15 cards
    • Human change over time39 cards
      • Hominin classification14 cards
      • The human fossil record and human migration12 cards
      • Trends in hominin evolution13 cards
  • Unit 4 AoS3: How is scientific inquiry used to investigate cellular processes and biological change?111 cards
    • Accuracy, precision and error32 cards
    • Bioethics: approaches and concepts24 cards
    • Scientific evidence, aims and hypotheses23 cards
    • Scientific investigation methodologies32 cards

Some of its cards

  • A small circular piece of DNA found in bacteria, separate from the main bacterial chromosome
    Plasmid
  • Accuracy
    How near a recorded measurement comes to the real value of whatever is being measured
  • How does bacterial resistance to antibiotics evolve in a population?
    Random mutations give some bacteria resistance; when exposed to the antibiotic, resistant bacteria survive and reproduce, increasing the frequency of the resistance allele
  • Innate immune response
    A rapid, non-specific defence against pathogens that does not depend on prior exposure
  • A preparation containing an antigen, or material that produces an antigen, given to stimulate active immunity without causing disease
    Vaccine
  • Genetic code
    The set of rules by which the sequence of bases in mRNA is translated into the sequence of amino acids in a protein
  • Homologous structure
    A structure shared by different species because they inherited it from a common ancestor, even if it now has a different function
  • Primary data
    Data that a researcher generates directly, for example through their own experiment or observation
  • A unique molecule, usually on the surface of a cell or pathogen, that can be recognised by the immune system
    Antigen
  • How does temperature affect the rate of cellular respiration?
    Increasing temperature towards the optimum increases the rate, because the enzymes involved work faster; above the optimum the rate falls as enzymes denature

And 759 more once you add the deck.